Tủ điện công nghiệp là gì? – Cấu tạo, phân loại và ứng dụng

Industrial electrical cabinets are an indispensable part of any industrial electrical system, from large-scale factories to family workshops. There are many different types of electrical cabinets, responsible for specific tasks in the system such as power distribution, control or troubleshooting electrical problems. In the following article from KTH ELECTRIC, you will learn about the equipment found in industrial electrical cabinets and the types of cabinets currently in use.

What is an industrial electrical cabinet?

Industrial electrical cabinets is an electrical cabinet used in 3-phase industrial electrical networks, containing electrical equipment operating for the system or a group of load equipment. Industrial electrical cabinets have the following functions:

• Control the operation of the electrical system
• Protects electrical equipment such as switchgear, control equipment, monitoring equipment, and power quality equipment.
• Protects human safety from electric current when working directly on the cabinet or nearby.
• Measure voltage, power current, temperature, etc.

Industrial electrical cabinets are placed in technical rooms and centralized control rooms, where operators can easily control and monitor technical parameters. Besides, the location of each type of electrical cabinet also depends on the task of that cabinet line, for example:

• General distribution cabinets are preferred to be placed near the transformer station
• Switch cabinets are located near the main and auxiliary power sources
• Branch distribution cabinets can be placed near load equipment

Structure of industrial electrical cabinets

The structure of industrial cabinets is square or rectangular in shape, sturdy and durable, protecting the safety of electrical equipment inside. Industrial electrical cabinet shells are made from steel alloy, corrugated iron or similar materials. The shell surface is galvanized or powder coated to electrically isolate the operator. Inside the cabinet there is 1 compartment or divided into many compartments and compartments (modules) to place each group of equipment.

KTH ELECTRIC divides the equipment in industrial electrical cabinets into 3 groups: specific equipment group, general equipment group and auxiliary equipment group. These groups of equipment are securely installed and divided into separate compartments.

Special equipment group

• Capacitor and capacitor controller: Capacitor is used to compensate reactive power for the system, capacitor controller regulates compensation capacity and switches the capacitor on and off. These two devices are placed in reactive power capacitor cabinets and some other types of industrial electrical cabinets.

• Reactor: Reactor is used to protect the capacitor against current faults. This device is placed in a reactive power capacitor cabinet.

• ATS power converter and ATS controller: The ATS power converter is placed in the power conversion cabinet, responsible for converting the main – secondary power source. ATS controller to adjust power transfer timing and some other functions.

• AHF harmonic filter: Harmonic filters are placed in many types of electrical cabinets, mainly in condenser cabinets and in high-harmonic electrical systems.
• PLC programmer: The PLC controller is placed in the PLC cabinet, used to implement complex logic control algorithms.

In addition, some electrical cabinets use relays, timers, inverters, etc. See details at: Equipment and components in industrial electrical cabinets

General device group

• Aptomat MCB: MCB is installed in small industrial electrical cabinets, used for 1-phase 220V and 3-phase 380V electricity. MCB is responsible for protecting load electrical equipment, switching on and off power when there is an overload or short circuit.

• Aptomat MCCB: MCCB is installed for all types of electrical cabinets from small to large scale, used for 380V 3-phase electricity. MCCB has the same task as MCB and can be controlled remotely.

• Contactor: Contactor has the function of controlling load-side electrical equipment, operates at high capacity and is placed in many types of industrial cabinets.

• Fuse: The fuse is responsible for quickly breaking the circuit

Group of auxiliary equipment – components

Inside the industrial electrical cabinet, components include busbars, wires, indicator lights, etc. On the front of the electrical cabinet, there are meters for measuring parameters, display and operation screens, push buttons, rotary buttons, indicator lights, emergency stop buttons,…

Application of industrial electrical cabinets

Industrial electrical cabinets are used to operate and protect electrical systems in general and electrical equipment in particular. With a scientific structure and many functions, electrical cabinets help industrial electrical equipment operate more efficiently, save energy, increase lifespan and are easy to maintain.

Electrical cabinets are placed in many industrial, commercial and civil projects:

• Industrial projects: Industrial parks, factories, workshops, power distribution stations, office campuses, farms,…
• Commercial projects: Shopping centers, supermarkets, office buildings, hospitals, schools, convention centers, museums, parks,…
• Civil works: Apartment buildings, urban areas, houses,…

Read more: Detailed process of industrial electrical cabinet design steps

Popular types of industrial electrical cabinets

The commonly used way of classifying industrial electrical cabinets is by function with groups: control electrical cabinets, distribution electrical cabinets, and protection electrical cabinets.

PLC control cabinet

PLC electrical cabinet with the main device being the PLC HMI controller has the function of automatically controlling the mechanical system with complex logical control algorithms. This type of cabinet is essential for the production line, helping to save human resources and better control machine operations.

Inside the PLC control cabinet includes: HMI PLC controller, MCCB, ACB, contactor, thermal relay, intermediate relay, transformer, timer and auxiliary components.

MCC electrical control cabinet

MCC electrical cabinet is a line of central control cabinets, with the function of monitoring the operation of all engines and electrical equipment such as starting method, capacity, operating time, etc. and protecting those engines and equipment. The highlight of the MCC cabinet is the optional starting method for the motor: soft starter, star – delta starter, inverter,… to save energy and improve motor life.

Devices included in the MCC control cabinet: starter, central controller, contactor, switchgear, intermediate relay and accompanying components.

Lighting control cabinet

Lighting electrical cabinets are industrial electrical cabinets equipped with controllers with specialized functions to control the lighting system. Depending on the scale, the controller can be a PLC, a timer or other types of switching devices such as contactors, MCCBs, MCBs, etc. The lighting cabinet has automatic or manual operation, depending on the installation.

MSB general distribution electrical cabinet

MSB cabinets are general distribution electrical cabinets, located near the transformer station and have large switching capacity. The task of the MSB electrical cabinet is to convert power from the grid to low voltage and distribute it to branch distribution cabinets or directly to the load.

Inside the MSB cabinet contains devices: ACB, MCCB, MCB, contactor, thermal relay, ATS power converter, capacitor, reactor and other devices and components.

MDB electrical distribution cabinet

MDB cabinets are a line of industrial electrical cabinets that distribute branches and protect load electrical equipment. In the complete electrical system, the MDB cabinet receives power from the source, the MSB cabinet, and distributes it to the DB cabinet on the load side.

Devices included in MDB electrical cabinets: MCCB, MCB, contactor, relays, fuses, capacitors, reactors, other devices and accompanying components.

DB distribution cabinet

DB electrical cabinets are the final level distribution cabinets, installed behind other distribution cabinets and close to the load equipment. Electric current is transferred from the distribution cabinets above, through the cabinet and directly to the electrical equipment.

Devices included in the DB cabinet: MCCB, MCB, RCCB, fuses, relays and accompanying devices and components.

ATS switching cabinet

ATS electrical cabinets are a line of industrial electrical cabinets used to convert main and auxiliary power sources, with the central device being the ATS power converter. When the main source has a problem, the ATS cabinet will control 2 power sources to switch from the main source to the auxiliary source for the load. After the main source is stable, the ATS cabinet will switch the source back.

Devices included in the ATS cabinet: ATS automatic power switch, ATS controller, MCB, MCCB and accompanying components.

Capacitor cabinet

Capacitor cabinets are cabinets that have the function of compensating reactive power with the ability to accumulate and discharge electricity in the circuit. The typical device in a capacitor bank is a reactive power capacitor. Raising the cosφ coefficient is a must to avoid fines when operating the system and using a capacitor bank is an effective solution.

Devices in the capacitor cabinet: dry capacitors (or oil capacitors), reactors, AHF harmonic filters, contactors, MCB, MCCB,…

Fire protection electrical cabinet

Fire protection electrical cabinet or fire cabinet is a line of electrical cabinets that control fire pumps, with the functions of opening and closing the pump nozzle, charging, and refueling the pump. The cabinet is used in all projects that require medium-sized on-site firefighting. Inside the fire protection cabinet, there are controllers, electric pumps, pressure compensation pumps, diesel pumps, electric chargers, MCB/MCCB switches, etc.

Electric lighting cabinet

The lighting electrical cabinet is the lighting control center for factories, industrial parks, warehouses, ports, etc. or commercial and civil projects. This type of cabinet uses manual or automatic lighting control methods, arranging timers, contactors, circuit breakers and other components to control lighting. Lighting control cabinets can be designed simply with the function of turning on and off lights over time or more complex such as adjusting light intensity, light color, light area, light rhythm,…

Electrical cabinet for wastewater treatment

Wastewater treatment electrical cabinets operate wastewater treatment systems of industrial plants, industrial parks, farms or wastewater treatment plants. This is a line of industrial control cabinets, containing control equipment, measuring equipment, and switching equipment inside; The output is connected to executive equipment such as pumps, fans, stirrers, etc. Wastewater treatment cabinets can be controlled manually, semi-automatically or automatically with many control methods such as star-delta control circuit, inverter, PLC, etc.

Inverter electrical cabinet

The inverter electrical cabinet inside contains the inverter, measuring equipment, control equipment, switching equipment and accompanying components. This line of industrial cabinets has the function of controlling the motor with high automation, protecting the motor and electrical system. Inverter cabinets can be used for pumping water, controlling air compressors, conveyors, stairs, ventilation,…

Group of equipment for industrial electrical cabinets from KTH ELECTRIC

KTH ELECTRIC is proud to be a manufacturer of high quality industrial electrical equipment. Our equipment is quite diverse from switchgear groups, control equipment groups and power quality equipment groups. All products from KTH ELECTRIC meet EN/IEC standards and are certified by the world’s leading inspection organizations.

Products from KTH ELECTRIC are synchronous, high-quality solutions for application in industrial electrical cabinets. Our devices have appeared in many industrial electrical systems in factories, workshops, transformer stations, etc. in Vietnam. KTH ELECTRIC‘s electrical equipment not only has high and stable operating performance but also helps increase the life of load equipment, thereby improving production efficiency. Refer to the solution at: https://btb-electric.com/vi/ung-dung/

Refer to some of our products:

Investors and contractors who want to cooperate with us please contact us via email: asian@btb-electric.com