Đào tạo nhân lực về dân số rất cần nhưng vì sao người học không “mặn mà”?

According to Decision No. 326/QD-TTG dated May 19, 1997 of the Government, Vietnam Population Day is December 26 every year. The theme of the National Action Month on Population and Vietnam Population Day (December 26) 2024 is “Improving population quality for a prosperous country and happy families”.

Population work plays an important role in the country's development strategy, especially in the context of many changes in Vietnam's population. To achieve the set goals on population, training and improving the quality of the team is one of the urgent requirements.

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Opportunities and challenges for population development in Vietnam

Referring to the current population situation in Vietnam, talking with a reporter from Vietnam Education Electronic Magazine, Professor, Dr. Nguyen Dinh Cu – Former Director of the Institute of Population and Social Issues, University National Economy said that Vietnam's national population target program began in 1961 and reaped impressive results, having a great impact on the country's development.

Vietnam's population size has reached replacement fertility level, controlling the population explosion; Population quality is increasing. However, there are still challenges that Vietnam needs to face: the trend of population aging; gender imbalance; Disparate population distribution between regions and localities…

Professor, Doctor Nguyen Dinh Cu – Former Director of Institute of Population and Social Issues, National Economics University. Photo: NVCC.

Sharing the same opinion, Master Nguyen Quang Viet Ngan – Deputy Director of the Center for Population and Development Research; Lecturer of the Department of Population and Social Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Social Sciences and Humanities (Ho Chi Minh City National University) expressed: “Population policy – family planning The period 1961-2005 contributed to stabilizing the country's population size, making an important contribution to the country's socio-economic development. Especially in the work of eliminating hunger and reducing poverty, improving people's lives and health care activities, and improving the quality of human resources.

However, currently, our country's population characteristics have new trends that are different from the time of planning population policy – family planning.

Shifting the focus of population policy from family planning to population and development is an important direction for integrating population activities into national and local development plans.

This perspective also helps population work match the actual population situation, which will solve many problems of taking advantage of the golden population structure, maintaining replacement fertility levels, and adapting to the transition. population aging process, adjusting reasonable population distribution, improving population quality and contributing to the process of socio-economic development”.

Discussing strategies to improve population quality, Master Nguyen Quang Viet Ngan expressed that the population sector is currently focusing on important strategies: counseling, health examination before marriage, prenatal and newborn screening to detect and intervene early on diseases in fetuses and newborns, so that children are born completely healthy; promote gender equality; Raise awareness for the elderly to actively participate in regular health checks.

To be able to implement the plan to improve population quality through activities of the population sector, the synchronous coordination of all sectors is a key factor in addition to propaganda and education to raise awareness. awareness of the people to achieve consensus of the entire society towards choosing and implementing appropriate behaviors of young men and women, the elderly and all families in the content of improving the quality of the population. number.

However, if we look at the concept of population quality, improving population quality only in the plans and strategies of the population sector is not enough because population quality is a reflection of demographic characteristics. physical, mental and spiritual well-being of the entire population.

Thus, improving population quality also involves improving technical expertise for the workforce, improving the material and spiritual life of the people, and the optimal living environment and development of the people. numbers, the ability of the population to adapt to rapid changes in society and the times.

Population quality requires all fields: engineering and technology; law and policy; economic and social; education, communication and the expansion of international cooperation in this field.

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In terms of long-term factors, the concept of “population quality” needs to be concretized with criteria that can be measured and evaluated so that we can build specific and appropriate strategies in the future. all areas and make timely adjustments during implementation.

Human resources for population work are tending to decrease

Sharing about the situation of resources serving the population sector, Professor, Dr. Nguyen Dinh Cu cited: “According to World Bank statistics, from 2009 to 2022, Vietnam's population will increase by 1.12 times; 88.0 million people to 98.5 million people dollars/person. In addition, the number of population targets is also greater.

However, resources for the population sector tend to decrease. Specifically, in terms of human resources, civil servants and public employees in the population sector, the population will decrease by 1,500 people in 2022. Regarding finance in 2009, population work was invested at 710 billion VND while in 2022 it decreased by 56%; Only 312 billion VND left.”

In the opinion of Master Nguyen Quang Viet Ngan, the field of population requires human resources to constantly improve their professional qualifications, including the ability to grasp the actual situation of population and development strategies. Socio-economic development as well as forecasting future trends play an important role.

Among them, reading and data analysis skills are one of the important skills besides the ability to analyze and evaluate policies and population forecasts.

Currently, human resources in the field of population management need to have systematic and interdisciplinary thinking, and at the same time must have a strategic vision to be able to propose proposals for planning action plans of the population sector. in socio-economic development plans as well as propose solutions to adapt to rapid changes in population in real situations.

Master Nguyen Quang Viet Ngan – Deputy Director of the Center for Population and Development Research; Lecturer, Department of Population and Social Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Social Sciences and Humanities (Ho Chi Minh City National University). Photo: NVCC.

From the perspective of Dr. Vu Thi Thuy Dung – Head of the Department of Sociology and Social Work, Da Lat University (a unit with training in Population and Development): “Population is related to all field of social life because the focus of the population is people, thus requiring a large human resource working in this industry.

However, human resource development in the Population and Development sector is facing two challenges from both a macro and micro perspective.

The state has issued many policies and has guiding legal documents, but there are no sanctions to ensure standardization and improve team quality. In addition, coordination from central to local levels is not really tight.

Besides, people often look at population from a medical perspective, associated with family planning. This invisibly narrows the scope of the population field and affects learners' choices. Learners themselves are 'in the dark' about their job positions and future development paths because of the ambiguity between health and population.”

It is necessary to promote the training of students in population-related fields

Referring to the issue of training, Dr. Vu Thi Thuy Dung said that although population is considered a focus in development policy, the results of learning about population are difficult to quantify and there is no Industry codes and vocational codes compared to other majors.

In addition, there is currently no independent operating environment for the population sector to develop. Therefore, not many students choose this major.

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Dr. Vu Thi Thuy Dung – Head of the Department of Sociology and Social Work, Da Lat University. Photo: NVCC.

It is known that the Population and Development training program of the Faculty of Sociology and Social Work, Da Lat University inherits knowledge of social sciences, especially social work and science. develop.

The program development team has inherited many modules from the Institute of Population and Social Issues, National Economics University as well as programs of major universities in Vietnam and abroad.

Learners will be trained in modules such as Population Quality, Human Resource Quality… integrated with skills in building strategic population plans. At the same time, training will also aim to integrate the population into the picture of development.

In addition, internship programs are also integrated, allowing learners to gain practical experience and participate in building strategic population plans for specific localities.

According to Professor, Dr. Nguyen Dinh Cu: “To solve the problem of human resources for population work, it is necessary to open regular training and refresher courses for the team working on population work from central to central level. Combine a variety of training forms to create conditions for population officials to study and improve their qualifications.

Along with that, we need to promote training of students in population majors, progressing to higher level training such as masters and doctorates to provide high-quality human resources to serve population work.

I think that universities, especially public universities, must have a social responsibility to train students in Population and Development. On the state management side, it is also necessary to assign targets for training students in this field.

In addition, the State should have a policy to grant scholarships to students studying Population and Development to attract and encourage them. At the same time, promote communication to help learners clearly understand the industry and job opportunities.”

Mr. Cu emphasized that population work is not just about family planning, the focus of population policy has shifted to population and development, paying attention to population quality. There are many population issues being raised, requiring synchronous research, looking at population issues in relation to development.

Therefore, graduates of the Population and Development major will also have more open job opportunities at policy making agencies from central to local levels.

Discussing the above issue, Master Nguyen Quang Viet Ngan expressed: “Standardizing the training program in the Population and Development sector is important. The training program of this sector will need to focus on the following areas: Content on population analysis and forecasting, policy analysis and evaluation, project design as well as scientific research methods.

In addition, learners need to be equipped with additional expertise in population geography, development economics and health demography, sustainable development as well as communication skills and designing communication programs on population.

Currently, some schools also have this training direction, however, population training programs are having difficulty recruiting students because information about the output and job opportunities of the industry is not yet available. widely communicated.

In general, when population is one of the key elements of the socio-economic development strategy, maintaining population training fields needs to be given more attention and attention.”

Hong Linh

https://giaoduc.net.vn/dao-tao-nhan-luc-ve-dan-so-rat-can-nhung-vi-sao-nguoi-hoc-khong-man-ma-post248066.gd

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